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Málaga and Sierras de Málaga are two different Spanish Denominaciones de Origen (DO) for wines in the province of Málaga (Andalusia, Spain). ==History== Although vines were probably first introduced by Phoenicians, who founded the city of Málaga, the first documented evidence of wine production in the region dates from the Low Roman Empire, and consists of a fermentation vat which was discovered in Cártama, a town about 30 km from Málaga. During the centuries of Arab dominion over the Iberian Peninsula, there was a constant conflict between the tenets of the Koran, which prohibits the drinking of wine, and the tradition of drinking wine, which was long established by that time. Slowly, over time, the severe punishments (including the death penalty for being drunk) were replaced by fines (''garima''), which in turn were later replaced by taxes (''qabäla'') to be paid by wine-sellers. When Málaga was reconquered after the Siege of Málaga (1487) by the Catholic Monarchs they encountered the following situation as described by Cecilio García de la Leña in his book ''Conversaciones Históricas Malagueñas'': :"The first thing our Catholic Conquering Princes did to make this city happy, rich and prosperous was to establish a Fraternity of Vintners (''Hermandad de Viñeros''), to watch over the production of the local wines, which even during the times of Moorish domination, played no small part in commerce and in the prosperity of the subjects. They understood that the vineyards, in addition to increasing the contentment and prosperity of their beloved city, would also contribute in no small manner to the Royal Treasury, due to the quantity of merchandise that would be exported to other dominions." Some years later, on 12 January 1502 in Seville, the Catholic Monarchs confirmed the creation of the Fraternity of Vintners by Royal Decree. The guild privileges were confirmed again by their daughter Joanna of Castile in 1513. In 1791, Mr Gálves, the Spanish ambassador in Moscow, presented the Tsarina and Empress of Russia, Catherine II, with some cases of Málaga wine, and such was the pleasure she experienced that she exempted all shipments of wine controlled by the Fraternity of Vintners from Russian taxes. This Fraternity continues to exist today in the shape of the Regulatory Body (Consejo Regulador) of the ''Denominación de Origen''. In 1806, by Royal Decree, the Málaga Vintners House and Company of Commerce was created (''Casa y Compañía de Comercio de Viñeros de Málaga''), whose duties included: "to prevent the adulteration of the merchanise expedited by the Company, by means of placing difficult to falsify marks on all vessels, casks or containers used to ship wine". On 1 July 1900 the regulations of the Associated Guild of Producers and Exporters of Málaga Wine were published (''Asociación Gremial de Criadores Exportadores de Vino de Málaga''), whose purpose was to watch over the general interests of the wine trade, by issuing certificates, nominating arbitrers and experts, and above all by guaranteeing the legitimate origin of the exported wines by means of official seals. By request of the grape-growers and vintners guilds, on 8 September 1933 the Regulatory Body was formed and its statutes were approved on 20 October 1933. All the wines produced in this DO now have to be subjected to an official analysis and report from the Qualification Committee (''Comité de Calificación''), on the basis of which the Regulatory Body will issue the corresponding certificate and numbered guarantee seals. In 1999 the regulations of the "Málaga" DO were updated and published. In 2001 another DO, "Sierra de Málaga" was officially established and placed under the jurisdiction of the same Regulatory Body. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Málaga and Sierras de Málaga」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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